Communication Systems & EMC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Correspondence Systems and EMC - Essay Example Anyway in the current day, new electronic specialized gadgets are coming up each year. Likewise the multiplication of innovation relating to media transmission is by and by seeing a blasting period. With the progression of time new advancements are coming up and the part is showing signs of improvement step by step. Anyway alongside improvement, the force of dangers is additionally expanding. The hazard factor is incredibly high when contrasted with the good 'ol days. Henceforth it turns into a commitment to deal with the dangers which may come in various structures and from any of the parts of correspondence. The report will chiefly feature the issues related with electronic correspondence. Throughout the examination, the current ICT foundation will be plainly depicted. Moreover the dangers related with the electronic correspondence that may occur because of environmental change will be likewise depicted. The report will likewise reveal insight into how the ICT division will fulfill the expanding need of the clients to improve and build the portable inclusion zones, improved machine to machine administration and upgraded administration of versatile web. The reliance between the different sorts of correspondence approaches will be likewise accentuated. The kinds of correspondence to be canvassed in this setting are wired correspondence, remote correspondence and furthermore correspondence with the assistance of fiber framework. In conclusion the report will light up the administrative changes important to manage such requests. In the current days electronic correspondence has turned into a need for the business houses. With quick globalization and cross fringe exchange there is a developing need and use of electronic correspondence all through the world. Likewise electronic correspondence has gotten vital to oversee abroad ventures and gives preparing to the workers. The progression of innovation has encouraged associations to speak with their national just as worldwide division.

Modern Slavery In The USA free essay sample

I turned into an understudy at the college in 2010 and I was keen on nursing and brain science. Both these fields of studies expected me to take two English classes and English W132 was one of them. I realized it would have been like W131 yet not as hard. At the point when one catches wind of a composing class, they don't imagine that it very well may be very tedious and including a great deal of research work and considering. Human dealing has been a significant social unfairness and furthermore viewed as a grievous wrongdoing. We as individuals have interacted with an individual who is a casualty however we don't perceive that that individual is being held hostage and utilized as a slave worker. Human dealing isn't permitted in the US however on the grounds that it is the law doesn't imply that it doesn't exist. Point and question at Issue This subject interests me since I watch a ton of TV and see the anguish and torment individuals experience all around the word when they fall casualty of human dealing. We will compose a custom paper test on Current Slavery In The USA or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It harms a ton that I really want to simply paying heed and choosing to expound on it causes me to become familiar with the issue and I can have the option to instruct my friends about it. This is a human rights issue since it abuses the privileges of individuals to have opportunity. We reserve a privilege to possess our own property, live unreservedly and appreciate life’s essential needs however the dealers deny their casualties this right. They hold them prisoner and treat them like the filth of the earth. We are for the most part equivalent and everybody merits an opportunity to be in a reasonable and simply world and when this is removed, an individual resembles a slave in a spot that should secure them. As I compose my last contention for this class, my inquiry at issue is â€Å"has the US done what's necessary to battle human dealing or do they have to order stricter laws and punishments to secure the people in question? † this inquiry has truly developed since I begun explore on my paper and the more research I did, the more the inquiry turned out to be progressively significant and I needed to discover replies to it. It astonished me to discover that in the US, human dealing has not generally been in the fore front of issues. Truly, laws have been gone ahead to secure the people in question however they have not been appropriately upheld and this is because of our administration authorities bombing us. The individuals who are sworn y=to secure and serve the residents, particularly law authorities have been defaced by eagerness and have been accepting hush money from the dealers. This thusly has made the casualties so terrified to report the torment and misuse they experience and end up simply enduring in the hands of their captors. Enthymeme and Argument After much research, I wound up with the accompanying enthymeme â€Å"the United States may need to accomplish more to battle human dealing on the grounds that the laws are every now and again not being authorized appropriately, it is constantly expanding, and it is frequently because of frail punishments. † After perusing all the educators remarks and accomplishing more research on my theme, I understood that the above enthymeme is the thing that I expected to concentrate on when I am composing my last contention. I added qualifiers to make my case increasingly authentic. I need my crowd to realize that I present this case with certain vulnerability since I am mindful and basic about the information and research I am introducing. The qualifiers I utilized are may, every now and again and regularly and they show the peruser that my case has restrictions because of the exploration I have led. They likewise show my crowd that my case can be contended in light of the fact that the qualifiers are causing them to accept that my case is legitimate. The time has come for the United States thought of better laws and stiffer punishments to battle human dealing. There are a few laws that have been set up to stop this kind of social treachery yet not upheld successfully. As of now, the inquiry at issue isn't whether the United States has done what's necessary to stop the exchange of people however basically â€Å"Should the United States accomplish more to battle human dealing? † I thought of this inquiry subsequent to perusing a great deal of writing on human dealing and discovering that it is as yet a continuous issue which has never been abrogated. We are in the 21st. century and have not yet discovered an answer for battle human exchange which is a horrifying unspeakable atrocity. Subsequent to investigating a great deal on this subject and doing some spirit looking, I chose to take the accompanying position; human dealing ought to be unlawful in light of the fact that it’s a grave social shamefulness against mankind. To back up this case of arrangement, I took to the web to make myself progressively acquainted with the issue. There were a ton ofâ journal articles that were talking about the various ways that the administration has attempted to stop human dealing yet a large portion of them were reasoning that the laws were not extreme enough and that some administration authorities were engaged with the exchange. Human dealing is the most noticeably awful wrongdoing that can be submitted by anybody since it denies an individual the privilege to opportunity and uniformity making it a grave social bad form. Another explanation is that I needed to return to the meaning of human dealing from all points. I needed to consider youngster work, constrained work, sex work of men, ladies and kids, and the components that lead to dealing. I decided to pick the UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons in Palermo, Italy (2000) meaning of human dealing which expresses that it is â€Å"the enrollment, transportation, move, harboring or receipt of people, by methods for the danger or utilization of power or different types of intimidation, of kidnapping, of extortion, of duplicity, of maltreatment of intensity or of a place of helplessness or of the giving or accepting of installments or advantages to accomplish the assent of an individual having command over someone else, with the end goal of exploitation† (Gozdziak, and Collett 6). This definition doesn't express that human dealing just influences one sex or gathering of individuals yet rather incorporates all human paying little heed to age, sex and sex. A portion of my sources have recorded various meanings of human dealing and for the most part focusing on ladies and little youngsters. This paper is kept in touch with a crowd of people with a foundation of social equity issues and that additionally incorporates my colleagues and teacher. I accept that we as a whole offer a similar supposition that human dealing ought to be unlawful on the grounds that it is a grievous unspeakable atrocity while denying them the rights and opportunity that should improve their prosperity. The casualties experience pitiless and out of line treatment which none of us can envision experiencing and therefore, I mean to convince my crowd that my paper is important and solid. It will have clear motivations to back up my case from all the exploration work I have led. My crowd should address the subject of whether the administration has just done what's needed to stop human dealing. I should be cautious when discussing the laws authorized on the grounds that I will address this issue occurring in the United States regardless of whether I am just a lasting inhabitant as opposed to being a resident. A portion of my crowd individuals may feel like I am meddling with their administrative approaches and I am not even initially from here. I additionally need to make my paper simple to peruse and directly to the point as opposed to attempting to make them look for the shrouded rubs. The best proof that I have found so far is a ton of writing expounded on this issue, particularly peer looked into articles composed by eminent writers and specialists. The vast majority of the writing articles are from distributed scholarly diaries from individuals who have devoted their exploration exclusively on human dealing. The vast majority of these articles bolster my case that poses the inquiry â€Å"which laws are gone ahead to stop human dealing? † The examination articles that I have accumulated have a ton of proof and clarifications on the issue that United States has not authorized better laws to battle human dealing. They do bolster my case that insufficient has been done to stop this continuous issue and furthermore show that the laws established are not being completely sanctioned by the administration authorities. A few counterarguments will emerge while composing my last paper and the greatest one I have so far is that there isn't sufficient research led before or present for me to arrive at my decisions and completely bolster my case. I should address the subject of â€Å"what if the US has just done what's necessary to stop human dealing? † Another one will be that the United States has advanced enough assets to stop human dealing however people are simply the ones exposing to this sort of abominations since they are attempting to run from their nations of origin to better themselves in the United States thus making the wrongdoing a troublesome one to indict. A large portion of my articles will be the proof I use in the rejoinder to show that the administration is the one that has neglected to sanction stricter measures to check this illegal exchange of people. Assets Right now I have twenty sources that all talk about human dealing and the laws that have been presented. The greater part of my sources are from the web by means of online friend evaluated diaries, online magazines and distributions, associations that are against human dealing, and online articles from licensed writers. I utilized the library databases from my school (IUPUI) and the one I saw as extremely supportive was Academic Search Premier. One of my sources is a book composed explicitly to address human dealing in the United States. A large portion of the sources are under ten years of age and some have been refreshed of late making them current. My creators are likewise specialists who have done a ton of work about human dealing and have extraordinary information

1 Month, 0 Classes

1 Month, 0 Classes well only if I choose to. Tomorrow marks the beginning of IAP (Independent Activities Period)Its one of my favorite times of the year because everything is pretty much optional. MIT with no class?!?!?! SCORE. During January, a lot of people do externships, some go to Zambia, some France, some stay at home and some go to lab. After a brief search on the IAP website, I found some pretty interesting activities: Opera the Ultimate Dramatic Experience David Collins M.Ed. pre-opera lecturer and historian for Opera Boston Tue Jan 16, Thu Jan 18, Tue Jan 23, Thu Jan 25, 10:30am-01:00pm, 4-160 No enrollment limit, no advance sign up Participants requested to attend all sessions (non-series) Prereq: none Opera is the marriage of theater and music. In 4 sessions we explore the fascinating and addictive world of opera, using audio and video examples to follow the history of opera from the late Renaissance through the death of Puccini in 1924. Among the composers represented will be: Monteverdi, Rameau, Purcell, Handel, Gluck, Mozart, Beethoven, Weber, Rossini, Donizetti, Bellini, Meyerbeer, Berlioz, Gounod, Offenbach, Verdi, Wagner, Richard Strauss and Puccini. Emphasis will be placed on understanding opera as a dramatic art form expressed through music. Consideration will be given to different dramatic aesthetics crucial factors in a composers approach to opera. This course is geared for both beginners and those wishing to expand their operatic horizons. Contact: Steve Michaels, E38-400, x8-8104, [emailprotected] Sponsor: Music and Theater Arts Science Policy Bootcamp William B. Bonvilliam-Director MIT Washington, DC Office, Taras Gorshnyy, Alicia Jackson, Asher Sinensky and Cathribe Tweedie Mon Jan 22 thru Fri Jan 26, 09:30am-12:30pm, TBD Signup by: 08-Jan-2007 Limited to 25 participants. Participants requested to attend all sessions (non-series) Prereq: Geared for Grad Students or Post Doc. in Science or Engineer Science and technology public policy strongly guides the future of science education and research. Despite significant interest in science policy issues within the graduate student community at MIT, there exist few opportunities for increased understanding about and practical involvement with science policy. Given the challenges to future federal support, the aim of this five-day seminar is to introduce graduate scientists and engineers to the ‘nuts and bolts’ of science policy making. The course will expose students to the fundamental structure and dynamics of science policy and inform them of routes into a policy experience or career. This seminar is cosponsored by MITs Presidents Office that strongly supports the integration and deepening of science policy awareness within the MIT community at all levels. Web: http://stellar.mit.edu/S/project/policybootcamp/index.html Contact: Alicia Jackson, 13-4057, x3-7234, [emailprotected] Sponsor: Materials Science and Engineering Cosponsor: Presidents Office AND MY FAVORITE MIT EVENT PERIOD HANDS DOWN AND FIREWORKS!!!!111ONEONEONE!!! Annual MIT Mystery Hunt Dan Katz, Jennifer Braun Fri Jan 12 thru Mon Jan 15, 12pm-12:00am, Lobby 7 No limit but advance sign up required (see contact below) Signup by: 15-Dec-2006 Single session event Join us for the 2007 Mystery Hunt, the annual MIT puzzle and sleep-deprivation competition. Get together with friends to solve puzzles that will lead you to a coin hidden somewhere on campus. The hunt starts Friday at noon and ends when the coin is found, some days later. Please sign up at the website. Lone hunters looking for a team can sign up as unattached hunters. New hunters always welcome. Web: http://web.mit.edu/puzzle/ Contact: Jennifer Braun, [emailprotected] Sponsor: Mystery Hunt Ill be playing with some of my best friends this year, and IM INCREDIBLY STOKED. If youd like to play remotely, shoot me an email to bryanblogs [at] mit [dot] edu, and Ill respond with some info. SO EXCITED. PS. If you refresh the IAP homepage enough, you can see my friend Yonas, hes juggling. Hes also playing on our mystery hunt team.

The Simpsons on Television Essay - 1345 Words

The Simpsons How does a television series keep going in this time of ever changing network schedules and shows that grow stale after twelve weeks? The Simpsons have not only lasted, but it has also become a staple of American life. Many tribute this longevity to the witty and hilarious satire that is present in every episode. By using incongruity, sarcasm, exaggeration, and other comedic techniques, The Simpsons satirizes most aspects of ordinary life, from family, to TV, to religion, achieving the true essence of satire. Homer Simpson is the captivating and hilarious satire of todays quot;Everyman.quot; With each passing season, Homer has emerged more and more as the central character in the series. In one episode, a previously†¦show more content†¦I want to see you both fighting for your parents lovequot;! Because it is so exaggerated, Homers quote is a very funny contradiction of Marges. Though many parents do cross the line in pushing their child to succeed, Homer overly exaggerates it when he says, quot;I want to see you both fighting for your parents love!quot; Marge represents the quot;goodquot; parent, as she so often does, and Homer becomes the extreme satire of the quot;badquot; parent. He also says he doesnt want his kids going easy on each other because theyre family. This is in direct contrast of the quot;family firstquot; mentality most parents try to instill in their children. Instead, Homer wrongly puts winning ahead of anything else. There is a lot of incongruity in Homers actions as well because one does not expect a middle-aged father to act so childish. With exaggerated characters, the townspeople of Springfield satirize the stereotypes that the media so often depicts. Police Chief Clancy Wiggum is the corrupt and unintelligent head of the police force. His physical appearance alone is a satire of the stereotypical officer. He is very fat, always eating donuts and assorted artery clogging foods, and his nose bares a striking resemblance to that of a pig. In an act of comedy only possible in cartoons, Wiggums round, upturned nose with large nostrils is unlike anyone elses in Springfield. Aside from his physical features, his questionable character servesShow MoreRelatedEssay about Analysis of the Television Show The Simpsons1176 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of the Television Show The Simpsons The specific children’s series that I will be discussing is entitled â€Å"The Simpson’s†. The main characters consist of Homer, Marge, Lisa, Bart, and Maggie Simpson. They reside in a town called Springfield, one that is typical of an American suburb. Some other characters which appear on a regular basis are Mr. Burns, the owner of the Springfield chemical plant, his assistant Weiland Smithers, the Flanders family, which resides right next door to theRead More The Simpsons Television Show as a Pop Culture Icon Essay2439 Words   |  10 Pages The definition of the typical American family has changed considerably over time. Ever since the age of television dawned on American culture, situation comedies have tried to portray the typical American family in an attempt to reach as many viewers as possible. In the 1950s, there was Leave It to Beaver which represented a generic view of the American family during its time. There was a father whose responsibility was to financially support the family and be a role model for his childrenRead MoreEssay on The Simpsons Up Close and Personal938 Words   |  4 PagesThe Simpsons Up Close and Personal There is a fine line that exists in TV land that had never been crossed until The Simpsons graced the television sets of over one million Americans. This sitcom has become one of the most popular television programs in America. Is it because The Simpsons is a cartoon? My answer is yes! This show is able to sneak through the wormholes of TV land because it is a cartoon. People are overlooking the underlying issues conveyed through the characters becauseRead More The Simpsons Essay example1184 Words   |  5 PagesThe Simpsons When the FOX network aired The Simpsons in 1989, the show brought the yellow-skinned and four-fingered cartoon characters named Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie Simpson into millions of American living rooms. This bent archetype of the American family, as well as the hundreds of zany characters that populate their all-American hometown of Springfield, fast became the targets of enormous criticism. Elementary schools banned T-shirts bearing the images of the Simpson familyRead MoreThe Trial Of Simpson : An Agenda Setting Analysis1508 Words   |  7 Pages The Trial of O.J. Simpson: An Agenda-Setting Analysis Mariah Short University of Kentuckyâ€Æ' The Trial of O.J. Simpson: An Agenda-Setting Analysis During the infamous O.J. Simpson trial the television news media was ever present. Placing the trial as a top news story set in motion the idea that this trial was an important issue. However, the television news media was not successful at determining whether O.J. was guilty or not. For this reason, the O.J. Simpson trial is an excellent exampleRead MoreMatt Groening Essay1157 Words   |  5 PagesMatt Groening is arguably one of the best cartoonists in the history of television. When people hear the name Matt Groening, they immediately think about the hit cartoon series The Simpsons or Futurama. However, not many people know much about Matt Groening as a person. Groening was born on February 15, 1954 in Portland Oregon. Groening graduated from Lincoln High School in Portland Oregon and graduated from Evergreen State College in Olympia Washington. Right after Groening graduated fromRead MoreEssay on Meet The Simpsons1650 Words   |  7 Pages Meet the Simpsons nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Over time, the definition of what exactly quot;familyquot; means has changed with time. Usually, what constitutes making up a family is relative to a specific culture, but as always, there are exceptions to the rule. Ever since the golden age of television had sprung upon American culture, television has tried to mimic the quot;idealquot; American family through its programming. Even as early as the 1950s, television producers made programmingRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer Simpson s The Simpsons 1288 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study on Homer Simpson By: Ian Conway Homer Simpson is a fictional character and one of the main protagonists in the TV show The Simpsons. Dan Castellanta voices him. He lives in a fictional town called Springfield, Oregon, United States. He is married to Marge Simpson with three children named Bart, Lisa and Maggie. He has a pet dog named Santa’s Little Helper and cat called Snowball. Homer currently works in the show at a Nuclear Power Plant as a Safety inspector but has worked at previousRead MorePostmodernism And Its Impact On Modern Culture Essay1722 Words   |  7 PagesPostmodernism has many different definitions as it has a range of contexts, but when thinking about television it can be defined as a â€Å"renewed appreciation for popular culture that often remixes other art works and pop culture in order to create something new† (Suto, 2013). Collins (1992) agrees with this and says it was a significant cultural movement that developed in the 20th century following the modernism period, where ther e was a â€Å"move away from abstraction and geometrics to the overly familiarRead MoreEssay about Life of Oj Simpson1436 Words   |  6 PagesO. J. Simpson Case One of the most famous and publicly known cases of all time is the OJ Simpson murder case. This case was publicly announced for many years. It was very popular because not only was O.J. Simpson a famous former American football star but also an actor that had been accused of a very serious crime that changed his life forever. Although the case was publicly announced, many people don’t know many of the specifics about his early childhood, his athletic career and most importantly

Solutions for Topics to Do a Persuasive Essay on

Solutions for Topics to Do a Persuasive Essay on Although having the ability to write persuasively can look like a challenging thing for children to learn, remind them that everyone has valid opinions. Since you may see, there are plenty of ideas for persuasive essay topics for college students all that it requires to create one is a little bit of imagination! There are just a few things that define whether an essay you're working on is going to be a good one. Remember which you can make funny argumentative essays if you do a few things. Weave in your perspective to create your essay unique. Books never ought to be banned. Qualities of a fantastic persuasive essay topic The topic needs to be specific. Good persuasive essay topics need to be persuasive. Textbooks ought to be free. Persuasive essays share a whole lot of resemblance with argumentative essays. Writing a great persuasive essay is not an easy job, however, it's achievable. The Chronicles of Topics to Do a Persuasive Essay on In general, you can observe that writing a persuasive essay isn't a brain surgery. Certain persuasive essay prompts can earn a topic much easier to write about or there may be a difference if there's a strong opinion to generate a subject easier to be persuasive about. Still, figuring out the ideal topic for your essay isn't your only concern for a student. Selecting the proper topic for a persuasive speech can be not such an easy matter to do as it might appear. The cost of an essay is dependent upon the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. You still must make an outstanding bit of writing. Remember your essay shouldn't be a string of jokes, it's a narrative it needs to have a start, middle and the end. Writing a superb persuasive essay is a remarkable approach to impress both your teacher and peers. Citations and extracts from several sources have to be formatted properly. As tempting as it might appear to skip past the extra info and go right to the list of persuasive essay topics, don't do it. Figure out how funny argumentative essay topics can receive the interest of your tutor. Take notes concerning all possible topics you'll be able to consider. Sure, with this kind of a huge number of topics to pick from, picking just one may be challenging. The help here comes in various categories. Whichever topic you select, always don't forget the significance of literature sources. Possessing excellent research abilities and selecting an excellent topic is important. Details of Topics to Do a Persuasive Essay on To defend your subject, you might recall the effect of overloaded schedule on college grades. When prior brainstorming is finished, you can begin drafting your essay. Other folks believe that it improves creativity and productivity at work. Therefore, for your coursework, you are going to want to have the very best ideas. The New Fuss About Topics to Do a Persuasive Essay on Next, you must consider the method on how you need to relay it to your readers. What's funny to you might not be funny to your readers. There are a couple easy guidelines to follow as a way to be in a position to compose an excellent persuasive e ssay. The topic has to be interesting, the topic has to be essential and finally the topic has to be informative. Just adhere to the guidelines stated above, and you'll be well on your way to writing a very good persuasive essay. When writing your paper from one of many good argumentative essay topics, it might help to imagine yourself as an attorney that's defending a client that's innocent. Even should you not own a topic for persuasive essay then it doesn't matter, our writers can help the entire process, from starting to end, and will have the ability to acquire your work done in time, however urgent the deadline could be. Taking into account that lots of persuasive essays concern controversial topics, before writing, you can want to sit down and think of what your opinion on the topic actually is.

Scientific Revolution Free Essays

Scientific Revolution – Documents Packet Primary and secondary documents are the backbone of historical research. Primary sources give us a first hand account of an event, while secondary sources give us a broader perspective on an event, given time, distance and new insight. As students of history, we must possess the ability to properly analyze a document in order to understand its value. We will write a custom essay sample on Scientific Revolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now This packet of documents relating to the â€Å"scientific revolution† of the 16th 17th centuries is designed to sharpen your historical thinking skills. Assignment: 1. Read each document. 2. Discuss what each document is about. 3. Write: What challenges did scientific minded people faced during the 16th and 17th Century? 4. Which documents are most useful in helping you answer the question above? Why? Give examples of individual documents. |Document 1 | |SECONDARY SOURCE: Michael Postan, â€Å"Why Was Science Backward in the Middle Ages? in A Short History of Science: Origins and Results of the Scientific | |Revolution 1991. | |It is generally agreed that the Middle Ages preserved for the use of later times the science of the ancient Greeks and Romans. Therein lies both the | |scientific achievement and the scientific failure of the medieval civilization. . . . What the Middle Ages took over they did not very much enrich. | |Indeed so small was their own contribution that historians of science are apt to regard the Middle Ages as something of a pause or vacuum in | |scientific advancement. . . although some advance on planes both p urely intellectual and technical there was; yet taken together and placed against | |the vast panorama of medieval life, or indeed against the achievements of Greek and Roman science until in the fourth century B. C. , or with the | |scientific activity of the17th century, all these achievements are bound to appear very poor. Why then this poverty? | | | |To this question many answers can be and have been given. But what most of them boil down to is the absence in medieval life of what I should be | |inclined to call scientific incentives. Students of science sometimes differ about the true inspiration of scientific progress. Some seek and find it | |in man’s intellectual curiosity, in his desire to understand the workings of nature. Others believe that scientific knowledge grew and still grows out| |of man’s attempts to improve his tools and his methods of production; that, in short, scientific truth is a by-product of technical progress. I do not| |want here to take sides in this particular controversy; what I want to suggest is that the Middle Ages were doubly unfortunate in that both the | |inspirations, the intellectual as well as the practical, failed more or less. | | | |The easiest to account for is the intellectual. The Middle Ages were the age of faith, and to that extent they were unfavorable to scientific | |speculation. It is not that scientists as such were proscribed. For on the whole the persecution of men for their scientific ideas was very rare: rare| |because men with dangerous ideas, or indeed with any scientific ideas at all, were themselves very rare; and it is indeed surprising that there were | |any at all. This does not mean that there were no intellectual giants. All it means is that in an age which was one of faith and men of intellect and | |spirit found the calls of faith itself. To put it simply, they had no time for occupations like science. | | | |In fact they had neither the time nor the inclination. For even if there had been enough men to engage in activities as mundane as science, there | |would still be very little reason for them to do so. In times when medieval religious belief stood whole and un- shaken the intellectual objects and | |the methods of science were, to say the least, unnecessary. The purpose of scientific enquiry is to build up piecemeal a unified theory of the | |universe, of its origin and of its working. But in the Middle Ages was that process really necessary? Did not medieval man already possess in God, in | |the story of Creation a complete explanation of how the world came about and of how, by what means and to what purpose, it was being conducted? Why | |question the bible and the church which held the keys to salvation? | | | |So much for intellectual incentive. The practical incentive was almost equally feeble. Greater understanding of nature could not come from technical | |improvements, chiefly because technical improvements were so few. Medieval occupations continued for centuries without appreciable change of method. |After the great period of initial development, i. e. , after the late eleventh century, the routine of medieval farming in the greater part of Europe | |became as fixed as the landscape itself. During the Middle Ages as a whole technical improvement was very rare and very slow. For this medieval | |economic policy was largely to blame†¦. | | | |What is more, so deeply ingrained was the spirit of protection tha t in every local trade the technical methods were treated as a secret. . . The men| |of the Middle Ages were unable to do more than they did because they were lacking in scientific incentive. | |Document 2 | |SECONDARY SOURCE: Sir George Clark, Early Modern Europe. 1982. | |There were an infinite number of motives which led men to engage in scientific work beginning around the 16th Century at about the same time as the | |â€Å"renaissance† and to encourage the scientific point of view. We may group together some of the most important under general headings, always remembering| |that in actual life each of them was compounded and influenced by the others. There were economic motives. The Portuguese explorers wanted their new | |instrument for navigation; the German mine-owners asked questions about metallurgy and machines for lifting and carrying heavy loads; Italian engineers | |improved their canals and locks and harbors by applying the principles of hydrostatics; English trading companies employed experts who used new methods | |of drawing charts. | | |Not far removed from the economic motives were those of the physicians and surgeons, who revolutionized anatomy and physiology, and did much more good | |than harm with their new medicines and new operations, though some of them now seem absurd. Like the doctors, the soldiers called science to their aid in| |designing and aiming artillery or in planning fortifications. But there were other motives far removed from the economic sphere. Jewelers learnt much | |about precious and semi-precious stones, but so did magicians. | | |Musicians learnt the mathematics of harmony; painters and architects studied light and color, substances and proportions, not only as craftsmen but as | |artists. For a number of reasons religion impelled men to scientific study. The most definite and old-established was the desire to reach absolute | |correctness in calculating the dates for the annual fixed and movable festivals of the Church: it was a pope who presided over the astronomical | |researchers by which the calendar was reformed in the 16th century. | | | |For many reasons, deeper and stronger was the desire to study the wonders of science across Europe, and the order which it unraveled in the universe, as | |manifestations of the Creator’s will by around 1600. | |Document 3 | |PRIMARY SOURCE | |Left – Geocentric model of the universe as first described by Ptolemy (90-168 AD). |Right – H eliocentric model of the universe as first described by Copernicus (1473-1543) | [pic] |Document 4 | |PRIMARY SOURCE: A Letter to Christina of Tuscany from Galileo Galilei, 1615. | |I think that in discussions of physical problems we ought to begin not rom the authority of scriptural passages, but from sense-experiences and | |necessary demonstrations; for the holy Bible and the phenomena of nature proceed alike from the divine Word. It is necessary for the Bible, in order | |to be understood by the average man, to speak many things which appear to differ from the absolute truth so far as the bare meaning of the words is | |concerned. But Nature, on the other hand, is inexorable and immutable and never transgresses the laws imposed upon her, or cares whether reason and | |method of operation are understandable to men†¦ | | | |For that reason it appears that nothing physical which sense-experience sets before our eyes, or which necessary demonstrations prove to us, ought to | |be called in question (much less condemned) upon the testimony of biblical passages which may have some different meaning beneath their words. For the| |Bible is not chained in every expression to conditions as strict as those which govern all physical effects; nor is God any less excellently revealed | |in Nature’s actions than in the sacred statements of the Bible. . . . The Bible shows the way to go to heaven, not the way the heavens go. | | | |From this I do not mean to infer that we need not have an extraordinary esteem for the passages of Holy Scripture. On the contrary, having arrived at | |any certainties in physics, we ought to utilize these as the most appropriate aids in the true meaning of the Bible and in the investigation of those | |meanings which are necessarily contained therein, for these must be understood with demonstrated truths. I should judge that the authority of the | |Bible was designed to persuade men of those beleifs and propositions which, surpassing all human reasoning, could not be made credible by science, or | |by any other means than through the very mouth of the Holy Spirit. | | |Yet even in those propositions which are not matters of faith, Biblical authority ought to be preferred over that of all human writings which are | |supported only by bare assertions or opinions, and not set forth in a demonstrative way. This I hold to be necessary and proper to the same extent | |that divine wisdom surpasses all human judgment and conjecture†¦ I do not feel obliged to elieve that that same God who has endo wed us with senses, | |reason, and intellect has intended all humanity to forgo their use and by some other means to give us knowledge. | |Document 5 | |PRIMARY SOURCE: The Papal Inquisition’s condemnation of Galileo, 1633. | |We say, pronounce, sentence, and declare that you. he said Galileo, by reason of the matters discussed in trial, and by your confession as you | |rendered, are in the’ judgment of this Holy Office vehemently suspected of heresy, namely, of having believed and held the doctrine-which is false and| |contrary to the sacred and divine Scriptures–that the Sun is the center of the world and does not move from east to west and that the Earth moves and| |is not the center of the world†¦ | | | |Furthermore, your opinion has been declared and defined to be contrary to the Holy Scripture; and that consequently you have incurred all the censures| |and penalties imposed and stated in the sacred laws of the Church, for [breaking] this sacred lawà ¢â‚¬ ¦ | | | |From which we are content that you be absolved, provided that, first, with a sincere heart and unfeigned faith, you renounce, curse, and detest before| |us the aforesaid errors and heresies and every other error and heresy contrary to the Catholic and Apostolic Roman Church in the form to be prescribed| |by us for you. | Document 6 PRIMARY SOURCE | |Isaac Newton, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, 1729. | |RULE 1 | |We are to admit no more causes of natural things, than such as are both true and sufficient to explain their appearances. | |To this purpose the philosophers say, that Nature does nothing in vain, and more is in vain, when less will serve; for Nature is pleased with simplicity, and | |affects not the pomp of superfluous causes. | |RULE II | |Therefore to the same natural effects we must, as far as possible, assign the same causes. |As to respiration in a man, and in a beast; the descent of stones in Europe and in America; the light of`our culinary fire and of the sun; the reflection of | |light in the earth, and in the planets | |RULE III | |The qualities of bodies, which admit neither intension nor remission of degrees, and which are found to belong to all bodies within reach of our experiments, | |are to be esteemed the universal qualities of all bodies whatsoever. | |For since the qualities of bodies are only known to us by experiments, we are to hold for universal, all such as universally agree with experiments. We are | |certainly not to relinquish the evidence of experiments for the sake of dreams and vain fictions of our own devising†¦. Lastly, if it universally appears, by | |experiments and astronomical observations, that all bodies about the earth, gravitate toward the earth; and that in proportion to the quantity of matter which | |they severally contain; that the moon likewise, according to the quantity of its matter, gravitates toward the earth; that on the other hand our sea gravitates| |toward the moon; and all the planets mutually one toward another; we must, in consequence of this rule, universally allow, that all bodies whatsoever are | |endowed with a principle of mutual gravitation. I affirm gravity to be essential to all bodies. By their inherent force I mean nothing but their force of` | |inertia. This is immutable. | |RULE IV | |In experimental philosophy we are to look upon propositions collected by general induction from phenomena as accurately or very nearly true, notwithstanding | |any contrary hypotheses that may be imagined, till such time as other phenomena occur, by which they may either be made more accurate, or liable to exceptions. | | | |This rule we must follow that the argument of experimentation and evidence may not be evaded by hypotheses. | How to cite Scientific Revolution, Essay examples Scientific Revolution Free Essays

OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms free essay sample

a) Statistical surveysStatistical survey is an investigation about the characteristic of phenomenon by means of collecting data from a sample of the population and estimating their characteristics through systematic use of statistical methodology. Survey mainly uses interview to collect data; this can either be direct interview, telephone interview, email interview or online survey.Surveys are advantageous source of data as the researcher has direct control over the data and there is possibility of asking data according to statistical definitions during the collection.The disadvantages of surveys are high cost, especially in conducting direct interviews. Quality of the feedback can also be compromised, for instance, non-response and errors.b) CensusThis is a complete enumeration of a population at a point in time with respect to well-defined characteristics, for example, population, production, etc. For instance, Kenya has been taking census from 1948, when the first census was taken. The last four censuses after the independence (1969, 1979, 1999 and 2009) have been conducted in a span of ten years. We will write a custom essay sample on OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In census, the data is mostly collected through questionnaires.Census provides better data compared to surveys as it target the entire population of either a country or region. It also provides a basis for sampling frames which may be used in subsequent surveys. On the other hand, it is expensive to plan, conduct and to process the resulting data.c) RegistersRegister is a database that is updated continuously for a specific purpose and from which statistics can be collected and produced. Examples include: administrative registers (e.g. government departments), private registers (such as those from insurance companies among other private entities).Registers as a source of statistical data has the cost advantage, that is, there is low cost in collecting and processing the data from this source. However, possible under-coverage in terms of information may render it disadvantages to some users.

13 Successful People Who Overcame Homelessness

13 Successful People Who Overcame Homelessness People so often make assumptions about what homelessness is and means and who falls victim to it. Similarly, they make opposite assumptions about success. Before you decide you know what either means in life, consider this list of rich and famous people who formerly struggled with homelessness. 1. J LoWhen Jennifer Lopez left her mother’s house when she was 18 to become a dancer and lived on her own, some nights sleeping on a cot in a dance studio until she caught her big break.2. Steve JobsYou might not realize that Steve Jobs was a college dropout. He was also homeless for a brief period, having relinquished his dorm room. Leaving college was ultimately the right call for him, but he did have to spend a while collecting soda bottles to be able to afford to buy food for himself.3. JewelJewel lived out of her car as a teenager, and only pulled herself out of that situation when she got her first record deal.4. Sylvester StalloneBefore Rocky, the film star found himself homeles s and had to sell his dog for $50. After he sold the script, he bought his best friend back for $3,000.5. Halle BerryWhen struggling to make it as an actress, Halle Berry spent time in a homeless shelter. She went on to win an Academy Award.6. Chris PrattChris Pratt reportedly spent time living out of a van in Hawaii until he launched his career with Cursed Part 3. 7. Jim CarreyMaybe his great sense of humor comes from the fact that he and his family lived in a VW bus they parked all throughout Canada when he dropped out of high school. They even spent a while living in a tent on his sister’s lawn with their van parked in her driveway.8. Dr. PhilMr. Self Help himself was once homeless, and living in a car with his father in Kansas City as his father completed an internship in psychology.9. Suze OrmanWould you believe the financial self help star was homeless for four months in 1973 and lived out of her car? She’s worth about $35 million now.10. Daniel CraigBond, James Bond used to have to sleep on park benches when he was a struggling actor in London. He’s now 46 and worth over $65 million.11. Ella FitzgeraldElla had some very hard times as a young woman. And indeed was homeless for a period of time just before she headlined at the Apollo theatre in Harlem and debuting her career in 1934.12. Hillary SwankWhen she moved to LA to start her acting career, she and her mother slept in their car.13. Kelly ClarksonThe American Idol star lost her first LA apartment to a fire and had to live out of her car or in shelters before her big audition.

101 Great Science Experiments Book for Kids

101 Great Science Experiments Book for Kids 101 Great Science Experiments: A Step-by-Step Guide is a well-designed and organized guide to brief science experiments in eleven different categories, including temperature, light, color, sound, magnets and electricity. Like many other books published by DK Publishing, 101 Great Science Experiments provides easy-to-follow directions, illustrated with color photographs. Each experiment includes a short description of the experiment and why it works and illustrated step-by-step directions. 101 Great Science Experiments will appeal to 8 to 14 year-olds. Pros Cons Very well-organizedNice variety of experimentsEasy-to-follow steps for each experimentSteps illustrated with photographs of kids doing the stepsDetailed table of contents and indexNot enough safety information, and what little there is of it is too easy to missNot for young scientists who want to do experiments without prior knowledge of the outcomes Book Description Publisher: DK Publishing, Inc.One-half page to one-page experimentsEach experiment illustrated with multiple color photographsLength: 120 pagesDetailed Table of Contents and IndexEleven different categories of hands-on science experimentsFor Ages: 8 to 14 yearsCopyright: 1993ISBN: 9780756619183Categories: science, hands-on, nonfiction Review of 101 Great Science Experiments There is a lot to like about 101 Great Science Experiments: A Step-by-Step Guide by Neil Ardley. Like many of the other childrens books published by DK Publishing, it is beautifully designed and is illustrated with high-quality photographs. If your kids tweens or young teens enjoy hands-on science activities, 101 Great Science Experiments will appeal to them. The science experiments in 101 Great Science Experiments are organized by category: Air and Gases, Water and Liquids, Hot and Cold, Light, Color, Growth, Senses, Sound and Music, Magnets, Electricity, and Motion and Machines. Since the experiments dont generally build on one another, your young scientist can pick and choose experiments as desired. However, note that some of the longer experiments tend to be in last four categories in the book. The experiments are generally ones that can be done in a short period of time. The directions for most of them are one-half to one-page long. In some cases, all of the materials are ones you will have on hand. In other cases, a trip to the store (hardware or grocery store and/or hobby shop) may be required. Unlike books that challenge the reader to determine the outcome of a problem by doing an experiment as in What happens when you mix sodium bicarbonate and vinegar? 101 Great Science Experiments tells the reader what will happen and why and invites the reader to try it. For example, in the case of mixing sodium bicarbonate and vinegar, the reader is invited to Make a volcano erupt. Numbered steps are provided, most with an accompanying photograph showing a boy or girl doing the step. Both the introduction to each experiment and the steps are very briefly, yet fully, stated. In many cases, additional related science information is provided for the experiment. The Table of Contents, which is divided into the categories of science experiments, provides a helpful overview of the types of experiments in 101 Great Science Experiments. The detailed index will assist the reader interested in a particular aspect of science to find what is available in the book. I would have appreciated a longer section at the beginning of the book on safety rather than the seven-sentence boxed section on the first Contents page. It would be easy to miss the reminder directed to the young reader that for every step with the symbol of two people, You must ask an adult to help you with it. Knowing that you will be able to ensure that your child is aware of, and follows, safety procedures. In every other respect, 101 Great Science Experiments: A Step-by-Step Guide is an excellent book. It provides a lot of interesting experiments that will add to your 8- to 14-year-olds knowledge of science. Since it provides an opportunity to try experiments in a variety of categories, it may also ignite further interest in a particular category that will lead to your child seeking out additional information and books. More Fun Science Projects for Kids Make a Dry Ice Crystal BallHow to Grow Sugar CrystalsHow to Create Green FireMake a Rainbow in a Glass

Fluoride Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fluoride - Essay Example Since calcium bonds correspondingly robustly with the fluoride ion, the fluoride ions are much less available than in the synthetically created fluoride. The synthetic composites are more noxious since they are more soluble in water and the fluoride dislocates from the composite (Davidson, 2003). The maximum quantity of fluoride is suggested to around 1 ppm (parts per million). For instance, at 1ppm an individual would drink 1 mg of fluoride in 1 liter of water. However, the differences take local situations, which affect the quantity of water one drinks, into account. Nevertheless, fluoride can be taken in several means or sources. Processed foods and beverages manufactures in fluoridated areas contain high amounts. Vegetation consumes concentrating more in their exterior parts with leafy vegetations containing the most. Pesticides sprayed on plants also contain fluoride. Tea has 160-660 ppm optimizing at 1 mg per 6 cups. A lot of activities which take raw materials from the earthâ €™s core and focus them to high temperatures release fluorides,. Fluorine composites are associated with the creation of aluminum, uranium, bricks, cement, and steel, amid others. The aluminum industry produces the highly toxic by-product fluo-spar from aluminum slag. In the nuclear industry, hydrogen fluoride and elemental fluorine are utilized in uranium production. For a lot of these industries fluorides present the largest disposal challenge. Steel and aluminum industries emitting fluoride air pollution have been castigated for devastating plants and laming cattle, oxidization of steel bridges and cause of death smogs. In Dona, Pennsylvania, 1948 a fluoride rich fog from the city’s zinc mill murdered 20 people (Masters & Coplan, 1999). Phosphate fertilizer plants have also caused fluoride damage to animal and vegetation life in their locality. The appliance of phosphate fertilizers t soil severely rises fluorides in the soil which amount to consumption by plants we la ter eat and infectivity of drinking water through run off. Research studies project that the people of Aichi in Japan were taking up as much as 11 mg of fluoride a day from meals they were consuming. What these illustrations suggest is that we are already exposed to high amounts of fluoride. By fluoridating our water, we still raise the baggage, dislocating fluoride further through the environment where it gathers and established its way back into our meal products. Fluoride toothpaste alone were toting up 116 00o pounds of fluoride to the environment in the 70s. The occurrence of fluoride in high fronts and its connected challenges of drinking water existing in many parts of the world has been well documented. Fluoride present in drinking water is acknowledged for both its merits and harmful impacts on health. Many decisive solutions to these problems have thus far been given. Fluoride from water can be removed in numerous means. It can be removed either by an adsorption process of by a coagulation, precipitation process. The mode appropriate for an offered circumstance required to bee shrewdly chosen with regard to numerous factors (Urbansky & Schock, 2000). According to Urbansky & Schock (2000), water is one of the primary elements fundamental for maintenance of all types of life and is accessible in adequacy in nature occupying just about three fourths of the surface of the

Leadership in a Changing Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Leadership in a Changing Environment - Essay Example There are many ways in which Kirsty’s leadership approach has been reflected in the modern leadership theory. Based on modern understanding of a good leadership style, leaders are expected to be able to inspire another person to increase their drive in achieving the organizational goals (Northhouse, 2010, pp. 3 – 4). Aside from having confidence in managing a group of employees, modern leaders are expected to have the desire to lead, be honest, and have sufficient knowledge in managing the business (ibid). Clear evidence in the shift from a traditional leadership approach to a modern leadership approach is her decision to move from the use of transactional leadership style to transformational. In the past, Kirsty as a manager was a control freak. In line with this, most of the managers who adopt the use of old transactional leadership style approach ends up using authoritative power when handling and managing the people. Because of the increase in tight competition within the domestic and global markets, the need to encourage and inspire employees to become self-reliant becomes more in demand. Instead of managing the company using top-down approach, the idea of promoting interaction between the leaders and subordinates has gained importance within the modern HR theories. In a top-down management technique, decision-making power with regards to the allocation of available resources, planning and controlling how to spend the money is highly centralized and concentrated with the business leaders. There is a saying that two-heads is always better than one. Since decision-making process is solely dependent with the managers and business owners, the problem with the use of pure top-down management approach is that the business leaders and owners are not able to consider the personal opinion and suggestions coming from the bottom-line employees. Therefore, there is a bigger possibility that the top management will end up making a wrong business

A comparison between US GAAP and German HGB

A comparison between US GAAP and German HGB A comparison between US GAAP and German HGB By January 2014 Supervisor: PERMISSION TO STORE RESEARCH PAPER IN LIBRARY AND MAKE AVAILABLE FOR USE I, Claudiu Ghiuzan, do hereby irrevocably consent to and authorize the Library of University of Applied Management Studies, Mannheim, to file the attached Research Paper entitled: â€Å"A comparison between US GAAP and German HGB†, and make such paper available for use, circulation, and reproduction by Library users at the University of Applied Management Studies, Mannheim. I state at this time that the contents of this paper are my own work and completely original. ____________________________________________ (Signature) _______________________________________________ (Date) Chapter 1 1. Introduction When the multinational enterprises work with different accounting systems it might be possible to come with different results at the end of the year. This is the case of Siemens AG with the annual report from 2000. The German corporation ´s stock has been traded on the NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) and according to their report from US GAAP (General Accepted Accounting Principles) their net income was â‚ ¬8,860 million while on German GAAP based on the same calculations their net income was reported as â‚ ¬7,901 million. This means practically 14% more net income (Bruetsch 2003). HGB and US GAAP are different accounting systems that companies use to organize their financial statements. HGB is primary used for companies in Germany and US GAAP in United States. Basically the financial reports of the multinationals are written according to the financial standards from the country they operate. This research paper will give you an overview of the main differences between the both systems and will help you to better understand the practices used by the two important market leaders in the world. Chapter 2 2.1 Literature review 2.2 U.S. GAAP The accounting standards in United States have been first set by the AICPA (American Institute of Certified Public Accountants). In 1939 AICPA created also the Committee on Accounting Procedure and after this in 1959 it was replaced by Accounting Principles Board. In 1984 the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) and the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) determined the accounting standards in U.S (PWC.com, 2012). The US GAAP is influenced basically by the Common Law of United states. 2.3 German GAAP Different from US GAAP is the German HGB or Handelsgesetzbuch, a commercial code established first in 1897 and replaced in 1938 conform the European standards. The German accounting system was used also in Austria since 1938 (Investopedia.com). There are many differences between the German and U.S. accounting standards and it seems quite important for the financial employees to know them, mostly when they work in a multinational company. Some of the major differences consist in value-added tax, capitalization of software costs, personnel restructuring, employee share purchase plans, deferred income including derivatives, maintenance accruals, unrealized gains on marketable securities and share offering costs. The following section will analyse this differences and will offer a better understanding of the terms used in German GAAP and U.S. GAAP. Chapter 3 3.1 General Analyses 3.2 Value-added tax In the German GAAP the value-added tax or VAT needs to be depreciated and the VAT recoveries recorded as other operating income. Under U.S. GAAP the capitalized VAT is considered a long-term receivable rather than plant and equipment or property. For that reason the depreciation and operating income are not recognized (Alexander et al. 2004). 3.3 Personnel restructuring Under U.S. GAAP, the estimated cost of employee separation are accrued in the period that the employee accepts the offer of termination while under German GAAP these costs are often financial on the basis of the Company when it announced the intention to reduce its workforce (Alexander et al. 2004). 3.4 Deferred income including derivatives According to U.S. GAAP the income of a company from a basic agreement is to be distributed over the duration of the agreement while under German GAAP this income is to be considered in accordance with the economic useful life (Alexander et al. 2004). â€Å"Under German GAAP, gains and losses resulting from the termination of interest rate swaps are recognized in the year of termination while according to U.S. GAAP, gains and losses on interest rate swaps accounted for as hedges are amortized over the remaining outstanding period of the interest rate swap or the remaining life of the hedged position, whichever is shorter† (Alexander et al. 2004). Under German GAAP, â€Å"the foreign currency forward contracts and options used to hedge against the currency risk involved with a planned acquisition† are accounted as a hedge without affecting net income â€Å"as an offset against the acquisition cost of the investment† while under U.S. GAAP may not be accounted for as a hedge (Alexander et al 2004). 3.5 Maintenance accruals The German GAAP requires that the cost of maintenance associated to the financial year and only the ones incurred within the first three months of the following year have been accrued at every end of the period while under U.S. GAAP, the cost of maintenance is considered in the periods incurred (Alexander et al. 2004). 3.6 Unrealized gains on marketable securities Under U.S. GAAP the marketable equity securities other than investments accounted for by equity method or marketable debt, are classified as either available for sale, or as trading, or held to maturity while under German GAAP they are generally carried at historical cost. â€Å"Securities classified as trading or available for sale are reported at fair value at the balance sheet data and held to maturity securities are reported at historical cost. Unrealized gains and losses on trading securities are recorded in net income while unrealized gains and losses on securities categorized as available for sale are recorded, net of income tax, in shareholders ´ equity† (Alexander et al. 2004). 3.7 Share offering cost The share offering costs are written as extraordinary expenses in the income statement according to German GAAP while under U.S. GAAP are charged against the proceeds of the offering (Alexander et al. 2004). Jà ¼rgen Kirsch, a professor of Finance at the University of Munster explain that the essential differences between German GAAP and U.S. GAAP are seen better at the capital markets and at investors. According to his paper in the financial structure of Germany the capital markets are less important than bank loans while in USA the capital markets are more important than banks. Furthermore the shareholder structure in USA is based on broad distribution of shares while in Germany the private investors are less important (Kirsch 2012). Looking at the basis for tax calculation and distributions we can see that USA has no influence on tax law and in Germany â€Å"tax dictates financial accounting† was abolished. The distribution rules are also different under German GAAP and U.S. GAAP. In Germany building of reserves and distribution constraints are controlled by law, and there are minimum distribution rules based on single accounts. However in USA there are almost no regulations to build reserves. The board determines the distribution and it is based on group accounts (Kirsch 2012). Another significant differences between HGB and US GAAP according to KPMG, one of the biggest professional service companies in the world, are the provisions. The provisions have different recognition criteria, different measurement criteria and different selected specific areas. 3.8 Provisions Recognition criteria Under German GAAP the provisions are based more on the principle of prudent accounting while under U.S. GAAP are recorded for legal/contractual obligations or constructive obligations. The German HGB allows also provisions where no third-party liability exist for example expense accruals, planned repairs or internal costs of the year-end closing. Under U.S. GAAP a liability must exist to a third party at the balance sheet date (KPMG, 2005). Different measurement The measurement criteria are also different. Under U.S. GAAP the amount of provision is based on best estimate while HGB allows greater flexibility and accruals could be substantially higher than under U.S. GAAP (KPMG, 2005). 3.9 Foreign currency translation The German GAAP requires that the financial statements must be recorded in the Euro currency and no other currencies are allowed. Under U.S. GAAP there is no specific currency underlined (KPMG, 2003). 4.0 Tax influences on the Balance sheet According to Grabowski ´s paper under the German GAAP the tax balance sheet and commercial balance sheet are closely connected to each other while under the U.S. GAAP there are no tax influences on the financial statement because the commercial balance sheet is separated from the tax balance sheet (Grabowski, 2012). Chapter 4 5.1 Conclusion This paper provided abroad understanding of the key differences between U.S. GAAP and German GAAP and offered a better analyse of the concepts. Even though both financial systems have some differences in the structure, the basic principles do not differ so much. We can probably say that this differences are influenced by the different laws systems of the countries. Germany for example is based on civil code which has an extensive number of regulations that should be applied to as many special cases as possible and transferred to similar cases while USA is based on common law which implies a limited number of regulations. Here the rules are applied to special cases they were invented for and are decided for individual cases by jurisdiction. After all we can say that U.S. GAAP and German GAAP are simply a combination of dependable standards and due to globalization it become necessary for multinational to understand the both systems in order to operate in this powerful economies. However in the future it might be possible that companies from both countries to report their financial data just according to one financial system. References Alexander, D., Noble, C. (2004), â€Å"Financial Accounting: An International Introduction Second Edition†, Pearson Educational Limited 2004. Available at: http://books.google.de/books?id=_oe7rGbzdBsCpg=PA406lpg=PA406dq=differences+between+hgb+and+us+gaapsource=blots=iKY7Xicu3asig=3jlQYyYW0OxDFP8HJqSepxbhPGghl=rosa=Xei=-SbgUv6gHcLcswagr4HgBQved=0CF8Q6AEwBjgK#v=onepageq=differences%20between%20hgb%20and%20us%20gaapf=true [Accessed at 23 Jan. 2014]. Bruetsch, M. (2003), â€Å"U.S. GAAP and German HGB – A comparative Approach†, Oxford Brookes University, [online]. Available at: http://www.grin.com/en/e-book/14850/u-s-gaap-and-german-hgb-a-comparative-approach [Accessed at 22 Jan. 2014]. Grabowski, P. (2012), â€Å"Die wichtigsten Unterschiede zwischen HGB, IAS US-GAAPâ€Å" [online]. Available at: http://www.petra-grabowski.de/Schulungen/Diploma_Bilanzierung/Bilanzierung-8_Unterschiede_IAS_HGB_US-GAAP.pdf [Accessed at 23 Jan. 2014]. Kirsch, H., J., †International Financial Reportingâ€Å", Institut fà ¼r Rechnungslegung und Wirtschaftsprà ¼fung Westfà ¤lische Wihelms-Università ¤t Mà ¼nster 2012, [online]. Available at: http://www.wiwi.uni-muenster.de/25/content/html_de/studieren/material/11wise_IRL_Kap1.pdf [Accessed at 22 Jan. 2014]. KPMG (2003) ‘Implementing IFRS – Extract from: IFRS compared with US GAAP and German GAAP’ [online]. Available at: http://www.kpmg.com/CN/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/IFRS-German-GAAP-O-200303.pdf [Accessed at 23 Jan 2014]. KPMG (2005) â€Å"Provisions-Significant differences between IFRS/HGB/US-GAAP† [online]. Available at: http://www.agig.de/53-2.pdf [Accessed at 23 Jan. 2014]. Investopedia (no date available), â€Å"Handelsgesetzbuch-HGB† [online]. Available at: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/hgb.asp [Accessed at 23 Jan. 2014]. PWC (2012), â€Å"AP: similarities and differences- 2012†, [online]. Available at: http://www.pwc.com/us/en/cfodirect/issues/ifrs-adoption-convergence/ifrs-and-us-gaap-similaries-differences-2012.jhtml [Accessed at 23 Jan. 2014]. 1

Animal Abuse

Many people have taken animals for granted since a long time. Thomas Edison once said, â€Å"Non-violence leads to the highest ethics, which is the goal of all evolution. Until we stop harming all other living beings, we are still savages. † Animal cruelty is an ongoing problem that many people disregard in today’s society. It is mainly caused by the use, neglect, and intentional mistreatment of animals, all of which can still be prevented by stricter laws, awareness, and education. It’s said that an animal dies in a laboratory every three seconds. An estimated 25 to 35 million animals are helplessly used in the United States each year for three main purposes; biomedical and behavioral research, education, and drug and product testing (Fox, 58). Animals range from mostly rodents to rabbits, cats, dogs, and monkeys. The conditions in which laboratory animals are kept in are not good at all. Cages are too small and the animals are deprived of social interaction (59). Three examples of the use of scientific research on animals are the Draize test, LD/50 test, and toy tests. The Draize test is the most common procedure to test for irritation. Animals used in this test are rabbits, mainly due to their extremely sensitive eyes. Because rabbits have no tear ducts, it makes it easier for scientists to observe because the rabbits cannot wash test materials out of their eyes. In performing this test, a rabbit’s head is placed in stock to prevent the animal from scratching or pawing at the eye in which a substance has been placed. The lower lid of one eye is pulled down and away from the eye. Then, the test substance such as nail polish remover, shampoo, or mascara is dropped into or smeared on the eye. The other eye acts as a control. Testers look for redness in the affected eye, swelling, and other signs of irritation. Corneal ulcers and blindness are often the result. After the test, the rabbits are either killed or used in another test (McCoy 47). The LD/50 test was developed in England in 1927, by a mathematician. This test is often criticized as unreliable and cruel. The objective of this test is to measure how much of a chemical is required to cause death. The majority of animals used in this test are dogs, rats, hamsters and guinea pigs. In just one single test, up to 200 animals may be used. Laboratory animals are force-fed toxic substances by a stomach tube. Then the animals are observed for two weeks or until death. The animals that survive are usually killed later, as if it’s nothing. Other procedures include the inhalation of a chemical or substance. Animals are forced to breathe the vapor or powder of a chemical or substance. Sometimes, these chemicals are applied to the skin of an animal. In all these tests, observers look for signs of poisoning, bleeding from the eyes, nose, or mouth, difficulty in breathing, tremors, paralysis, and coma (McCoy 106). Toys are often needlessly tested on animals to determine their safety. To test toy guns, manufacturers point the guns in animals’ faces and see if the plastic pieces discharged hurt the animal. Substances like modeling clay are force-fed to animals to test its toxicity. Other tests involve dropping toys on animals to see if any parts hurt them. Not only are these tests cruel, they are unnecessary. Most toy companies have new high-tech methods of testing their toys for safety without harming animals (Various Authors, 61). Animals weren’t created to entertain. Examples of this are the zoos, circuses, and rodeos. At zoos, large captive animals pace back and forth in small pens and other animals just lie around in their cages bored. Many healthy animals are snatched out of their natural habitats and brutally transferred to a cage, where they are prevented from following their most basic instincts, such as gathering food. When capturing chimpanzees, poachers usually shoot the mother and kidnap the child. After all this, statistics show that only one in ten baby chimps survive the journey to the zoo. Zoo animals also suffer from mistreatment. They lack privacy and cannot live according to their natural needs. Aquatic animals have very little water, animals that once lived in herds are alone, and animals of all types are prevented from natural mating, flying, running, climbing, and other instinctive behaviors. Animals bred in zoos are often sold to laboratories for experiments or to circuses. Some zoo animals end up in â€Å"wild game† parks or hunting preserves; where people pay thousands of dollars to shoot a lion or tiger at point-blank range (Various Authors, 64). Both the Draize test and LD/50 test should be banned. They are not only inaccurate, but the Humane Society of the United States stated that its results are of little value in diagnosis and treatment (McCoy, 49). The toy tests should just be completely banned because it is just plain mean and pointless. Many people don’t realize this but circuses are one of the greatest examples of people’s cruelty to animals. Not only are circus animals taken out of their natural habitats, they are confined in cramped cages. Sometimes they have inadequate food and drinking water. When it comes to training, they endure tight collars/muzzles and are whipped, prodded to perform senseless tricks for the sake of entertainment. Some circus animals are drugged to make them more obedient, and others have their teeth and claws removed. When circus animals have outlived their usefulness, they are usually sold to zoos, private collectors, game farms, or research laboratories. They don’t get a moment of peace, even after they are done performing (Various Authors, 65). Rodeos are basically defined as a demonstration of a person’s domination over an innocent animal, rather than their skill in riding. Rodeo animals suffer a lifetime of stress by being transported from one rodeo to another. These animals are captive performers, housed in tiny trailers and pens, then whipped into frenzy for the sake of a show. Electric prods, sticks, painful ointments, and other devices are used to enrage animals and keep them in line. Many suffer severe bruising, neck and back injuries, internal hemorrhaging, and broken bones. Several rodeos don’t even offer veterinary care to animals, which often undergo open wounds, skin infections, cracked hooves, and other maladies (Various Authors, 66). There are various and simple preventions to help stop animal cruelty. One being PETA; one of the many organizations for animal rights. PETA is responsible for ending the use of the Draize test. Their tactics consists of organizing boycotts, promoting shareholder resolutions and alerting the general public (McCoy, 47). Although the federal Animal Welfare Act was created, the animals being researched in laboratories receive little protection under this act because the United States Department of Agriculture does an inadequate job of inspecting animal research facilities, and an even worse job enforcing the law when violations are found. If this act is taken seriously, there would be fewer problems. There are countless alternatives to scientific research including non-animal laboratory tests, clinical tests on human beings, cell and tissue cultures in vitro; microorganisms and other species believed to have limited or no feeling for pain or suffering. There is also a large data base of ingredients and products that have been previously tested, as well as computer models that can provide answers in research procedures or techniques. This alternative would involve fewer animals per experiment/study and that leads to less pain and discomfort (McCoy, 52). Another easy prevention is education. Respect for animals is learned, not inborn. In reality, children have complex feeling about animals, including fear, and the potential to be cruel. Children need adults’ guidance and supervision when it comes to animals. It’s hard for children to understand because children are exposed at a young age, the stereotype of how animals are. Dogs, cats, rabbits are often portrayed as the good ones, while snakes, bears, and cheetahs are seen as the dangerous, bad guys. Despite these stereotypes, all animals are equal and should have the chance to be treated fairly. Other ways to teach children to be kind to animals are writing letters to companies that test on animals, and reading books about friendly animals (Harnack, 89). All these preventions are straightforward and simple to follow. Animal cruelty is an ongoing problem that many people disregard in today’s society. It is mainly caused by the use, neglect, and intentional mistreatment of animals, all of which can still be prevented by stricter laws, awareness, and education. Clearly, empathy is no longer understood or experienced. It is not too late to help animals who suffer every moment of their lives in unethical experiments and abuse inflicted on by humans.

French Past Imperative - Impératif passé

The French past imperative is very rare  because its usage is restricted to a single situation: it gives a command for something that must be done before a certain time.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aie à ©crit ce rapport demain.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Have this report written by tomorrow.If you obey the instructions in the above example, when tomorrow comes the report will already be written, so the writing of it will be in the past, ergo, the past imperative. If you use the regular imperative, Écris ce rapport demain, the report wont yet be written when tomorrow rolls around: in accordance with the command, you will be writing it tomorrow. On the other hand, the careful use of a preposition can make all the difference - you could just say Écris ce rapport avant demain and avoid the past imperative altogether - probably another reason that it is so rare.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Soyez partis à   midi.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leave / Be gone by noon.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ayons fini les devoirs à   7h00.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lets have our homework done by 7:00.The past imperative is kind of similar in nuance to the past infinitive, except that it indicates a command rather than a statement of fact.br/>Because the past imperative is so rare, theres really no need to learn how to use it, but you should be able to recognize it. How to Conjugate the Past Imperative The past imperative is a  compound conjugation, which means it has two parts: imperative  of the  auxiliary verb  (either  avoir  or  Ãƒ ªtre)past participle  of the main verb Note:  Like all French compound conjugations, the past imperative may be subject to  grammatical  agreement: When the auxiliary verb is  Ãƒ ªtre, the past participle must agree with the subjectWhen the auxiliary verb is  avoir, the past participle may have to agree with its direct object As with the present imperative, the past imperative has conjugations for only three grammatical persons:  tu,  nous, and  vous. Pronoun parler choisir avoir tre (tu) aie parl aie choisi aie eu aie t (nous) ayons parl ayons choisi ayons eu ayons t (vous) ayez parl ayez choisi ayez eu ayez t Pronoun sortir descendre aller venir (tu) sois sorti(e) sois descendu(e) sois all(e) sois venu(e) (nous) soyons sorti(e)s soyons descendu(e)s soyons all(e)s soyons venu(e)s (vous) soyez sorti(e)(s) soyez descendu(e)(s) soyez all(e)(s) soyez venu(e)(s)

Cultural Diversity And Its Influence On Nursing Practice...

Cultural Diversity and its Influence on Nursing Practice The nursing profession has a long history of assessing and placing patient needs first when giving care. The tenets of nursing practice include meeting those needs using individualized care by collaborating with the patient, family, and health care team members. (American Nurses Association, 2010). The concept of transcultural nursing aligns with these tenets because it calls on nurses to provide patient-centered care by taking into account the patient’s background, beliefs, culture and values. In this paper, I will identify the factors that made it necessary to develop the transcultural nursing theory, describe the meaning of diversity and its relationship to the field of nursing, and explain three ways that I provide culturally sensitive care to my patients. Why Transcultural Nursing is Necessary Madeliene Leininger was one of the first people to recognize that cultural differences influence an individual’s response to health care activities and that these cultural differences also affect experiences of well-being, health, illness, disability and death. During her career, Leininger noticed eight factors occurring in the world around her that directly impacted people of different cultures. She used these factors to frame the theory of transcultural nursing, and today, they are still relevant. She observed a sharp increase in population migration between countries across the globe. She experienced people whoShow MoreRelatedCultural Diversity And It Influence On Nursing Practice1419 Words   |  6 PagesCultural Diversity and it Influence on Nursing Practice Culture can be defined as a way of life of a group of people such as, belief, behavior, values, customs that they accept and can be passed on from one generation to another. 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